This guidance aims to highlight the primary security concerns arising during the ingress and egress phases of venue operations. It will subsequently outline various strategies for mitigating the related risks. Recognising vulnerabilities in these situations and striving to reduce them is a fundamental part of protective security planning and an essential task for those with responsibility for ensuring the safety and security of staff and visitors. 

The terms ingress and egress are used in this document as they are phases or periods of time. To some extent these words are interchangeable with 'entry and exit', however, the intention is to look at the vulnerabilities that arise, particularly as a consequence of crowds forming, during the build-up, arrival, departure and dispersion stages of a venue's operation. Ingress and egress may not always be linear and can occur concurrently for example during multiple event days or at large shows operating over extended periods. This does not detract from the purpose of this guidance which is to help identify vulnerabilities during ingress and egress and propose potential control measures.

This guidance outlines potential vulnerabilities during ingress and egress and then provides a scalable approach to security regimes, from a basic design to more complex solutions. It covers:

• Crowding during ingress and egress.
• Key components of reducing risk.
• Understanding potential threats.
• Identifying vulnerabilities during ingress and egress.
• Control measures to be considered when looking to reduce risk.
• The importance of recording security processes, testing, reviewing and revising.
• Through an example, shows how control measures may be applied at a venue.